‘Complex’ is just a label not a description.
Most of the students make the same mistake of showing off in IELTS
writing and become excessively ambitious to show their grammatical range. This
is because many students make up an opinion that they need to write many
complex sentences to make their writing elite but in fact the truth is not what
they think. This happens because they do not know what a complex sentence is.
Complex sentence does not mean it has to be complicated rather it is just a mix
of two or more simple sentences. Trying to like too long and complicated
sentences lead to grammatical mistakes which makes the sentences difficult to
understand and ultimately they lose score. The mantra is to keep it simple.
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Let’s now look at the example:
These are four simple sentences which we will put together and try to produce a new complex sentence. However, if you choose to write only simple sentences in your IELTS writing task, you will not only loose marks but also your writing becomes too simple. In addition to that, the marking criteria clearly states that if you need a band score 7 you must write variety of complex structures.
# These days, global warming is a hot topic.
# Global warming is causing environmental issues.
# Global warming poses numerous difficult difficulties.
# The effects of global warming are dire.
Combining these four simple sentences to produce a complex sentence
‘Global warming is one of the
most popular topics in the modern world, producing many environmental
challenges and arduous challenges as a result of its catastrophic
implications.'
This is a typical example of an overtly complicated sentence. Most of the students do this and the sentence becomes awkward and incoherent. I would call it a stunt without strings attached. It may seem very daring but it does not have a desired outcome. Any student who does this is clearly giving a hint that they have lost control of the grammar which has affected the meaning of the sentence badly. When the meaning is affected it makes the examiner difficult to understand and you lose score.
At this point you need to understand that only combining sentence does not help you score well but it needs to be grammatically correct and meaningful. So, my advice to you is that use two points to make a complex sentence and other two points to make another. You do not have to write too long sentences.
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If you would ask me how to make complex sentences, I would answer to you by saying that you must use complex sentences in the explanation sentence. It is okay to use simple sentence in the topic sentence. You can make a complex sentence by joining two or more simple sentences by using subordinating conjunctions. For example; after, although, as, because, before, even though, now, that, though, unless, when, where, while, because, unless, whereas, as if, whenever, if, during, as soon as, as long as, since, and until,
In the up-coming example, just notice how are the sentences combined and how meaningful and easy to understand it is. Also, take into consideration that complex sentence is not complex but it is just two simple sentences combined coherently to generate meaningful sentences.
Global warming is one of the
most common environmental difficulties, causing a slew of major environmental
issues. There are significant obstacles involved with this issue, and the
repercussions are severe.
Here, I have just taken the above mentioned 4 simple sentences and grouped them and put them together in two complex sentences.
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Collocations
What is a collocation?
Collocation is the combination of two words that intend to produce different degrees of meaning. Most of the native speakers use collocation which makes their tongue more natural compared to the non-native speakers who do not use collocation while speaking a language. Collocations in IELTS is extremely important as it helps you score band 7 or above. It is also mentioned in the marking criteria of IELTS. However, there remains a danger in collocating words together as all the words you put together may not be correct, it may sound ‘wrong’. Therefore, one should be very careful while using collocation in IELTS. For example if you say ‘quick train’ it sounds wrong as the correct collocation is ‘fast train’. Similarly, ‘quick food’ is wrong because ‘fast food’ is correct.
We learn collocations because it makes our language more natural and more easily understood. It will also help us to express ourselves in more alternative and richer ways. In addition, it helps our brains to remember and use language in chunks or block rather than single words.
It is very important to learn collocations but the question remains how to learn them. For that we need to be aware of the collocations and we must try to pay attention whenever we see or hear them. When we come across collocations we need to learn them as a single block but never separate them as two words. Another way to learn it is that we read as much as possible and when we find one in anything we read try to use them when we write or speak. If you get into confusion about collocations you have a separate dictionary for collocation, use that frequently. The mantra here comes from the Information Technology. Unless you input there is no output.
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Types of collocation
There are several different types of collocation made from combinations of verb, noun, adjective etc. Some of the most common types are:
# adverb + adjective: completely satisfied (NOT downright satisfied)
# adjective + noun: excruciating pain (NOT excruciating joy)
# noun + noun: a surge of anger (NOT a rush of anger)
# noun + verb: lions roar (NOT lions shout)
# verb + noun: commit suicide (NOT undertake suicide)
# verb + expression with preposition: burst into tears (NOT blow up in tears)
# verb + adverb: wave frantically (NOT wave feverishly)
Sample Collocations
There are several different types of collocation. Collocations can be adjective + adverb, noun + noun, verb + noun and so on. Below you can see seven main types of collocation in sample sentences.
adverb + adjective
# Invading that country was a completely irrational decision.
# We walked inside a lavishly adorned room.
# Are you totally aware of the consequences of your actions?
adjective + noun
# The doctor advised him to do regular exercise.
# On its maiden trip, the Titanic sank.
# He was in great pain, writhing on the ground.
a noun + a noun
# Let us offer Mr Jones a standing ovation.
# At 11 a.m., the cease-fire agreement went into force.
# I'd like to purchase two bars of soap.
noun + verb
# When the lion heard the dog barking, it began to roar.
# As our plane took off, snow began to fall.
# When he started the automobile engine, the device detonated.
Verb + noun
# The prisoner was executed by hanging for committing murder.
# I always try to do my homework first thing in the morning, after I make my bed.
# He's been requested to deliver a talk regarding his work.
Verb + expression with
preposition
# We had no choice but to return home because we had ran out of money.
# Her eyes filled with terror at first, then she burst into tears.
# Their actions were enough to drive anyone to commit a crime.
Verb + adverb
# She sat down and delicately placed her keys on the table.
# Mary spoke softly into John's ear.
# I barely recall that it was getting dark as we departed.
Some collocations that can be helpful in IELTS writing task.
|
Adjectives |
Noun |
|
Slight/ small/ minor/
major/ great/ significant/ noticeable/ abrupt/ fundamental/ dramatic/
profound/ gradual/ drastic/ sudden. |
Change |
|
Slight/ subtle/ minor/
key/ insignificant/ large/ marked/ noticeable/ significant/ major/ important/
growing/ vital/ essential/ fundamental. |
Difference |
|
Slight/ steady/ gradual/
significant/ marked/ dramatic/ sharp/ large/ substantial/ surprising/
expected/ unexpected/ net/ corresponding/ staggering. |
Increase/ Decrease |
|
Close/ inverse/ strong/
weak/ tenuous/ paradoxical/ interdependent |
Relationship |
|
High/ low/ increasing/
decreasing/ rapid/ sluggish/ slow/ fast/ average/ steady/ overall/ downward/
upward/ accelerating |
Rate |
|
Key/ central/ important/
crucial/ vital/ insignificant/ significant/ minor/ major/ decisive/ leading/
positive/ prominent |
Role |
|
Upward/ downward/
growing/ short-term/ long-term/ key/ overall/ general/ underlying/ buck/
reverse/ accelerating/ predominant/ irreversible/ discernable. |
Trend |
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